What is it?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) utilizes strong magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to generate highly detailed, cross-sectional images of breast tissue.

 

​How Does it Work?

MRI typically involves an intravenous (IV) injection of a contrast agent (gadolinium), which highlights blood vessels and areas of increased or abnormal blood flow, including leaky vessels that may indicate malignancy.

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Best for:

Women at elevated breast cancer risk, particularly for interval cancer detection and/or for women with dense breasts.

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​Clinical Performance:

High Sensitivity: MRI demonstrates sensitivity between 71−100%, though specificity varies from 81−98% depending on patient population and protocol. (1)

• Abbreviated MRI (AB MRI): Comparable sensitivity to full-protocol MRI with reduced cost and scan time. (2)

• BRAID Study: AB MRI detected three times more invasive cancers than Automated Breast Ultrasound (ABUS), with detected tumors being approximately half the size. Detection rates were similar to contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM). (3)

 

​Limitations:​

• Higher cost compared to other imaging modalities (though AB MRI is more cost-effective).

• Requires contrast dye, which some patients may not tolerate or be amenable towards.

• May result in a higher rate of false positives, leading to additional diagnostic testing.

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Regulatory Status:

• Full-protocol MRI is approved and recommended annually in addition to a mammogram for women at high risk for breast cancer.

• Abbreviated MRI is gaining traction, but standard protocols are still under development.